Up to the XIth century: Celts, Germanic Tribes, Slavic Tribes, The Great Moravia, Přemyslids, introduction of literacy (Cyril and Methodius), introduction of (western) Christianty

XIIth century: Czech kingdom-Czech rulers obtain hereditary right to the title King, Přemysl Otokar II. Czech king controlling large parts of Central Europe

XIVth century: Charles IV., Charles University founded, Bible translated into Czech

Charles the IVth (1346-1378), King of the Rome and Imperor of the Holy Roman Germanic Empire, makes his State among the strongest in the world

XVth century: Burning of Jan Hus, 1st defenestration, Hussite wars, Jiří z Poděbrad’s peace mission

XVIth century: Polish and Hapsburg rulers, arts and sciences flourish, new translation of Bible sets standard for Czech language.

The Czech lands, made up of Bohemia and Moravia, became part of the Habsburg Empire in 1526. Prague was its third city, after Vienna and Budapest.

XVIIth century: Comenius, 2nd defenestration, big execution, exile, begining of thirty-year war, exile of Czech nobles, germanization

1620: the Czech State lost its independence (Bílá hora), which places it for three hundred years under the domination of the Habsbourgs.

XVIIIth century: Under the Hapsburgs, baroque and rather dull times

XIXth century: Fighting for more independence, national revival, toying with the idea of panslavism, still under the Hapsburgs, National Theater built (twice)